Journal - American Association of Pesticide Safety Educators

Journal of Pesticide Safety Education

AAPSE has produced a number of white papers, position papers, reports, meeting minutes, policy documents, and related articles over the years. These are stored in the AAPSE Archives by year of publication.

The Journal of Pesticide Safety Education (JPSE.ORG) is the organization’s online, open-access, peer-reviewed scholarly journal. JPSE has published consistently since its inception in 1999. It is managed by an editorial staff and seeks members and non-members as reviewers on a per article basis. Publishing in JPSE benefits all members of the organization. It is the primary mechanism to share new methods, research, program descriptions, literature reviews, commentary, publication and media reviews, critiques, article responses, and literary notes. AAPSE holds the copyright on all JPSE articles. JPSE is listed under ISSN 1553-4863.

Articles appearing in JPSE are the property of the journal. Single copies of articles may be reproduced in electronic or print form for use in educational or training activities. Inclusion of articles in other publications, electronic sources, or systematic large-scale distribution may be done only with prior electronic or written permission of the Editor.

Requests, permissions, or other communications to the Editor can be sent electronically to: mweaver@vt.edu.

Journal of Pesticide Safety Education by American Association of Pesticide Safety Educators is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 United States License.

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VOLUME 24 -2022

Templates and Tools – Pages 1 to 14

Tips for Successful Web-based Training

Brett Wells Bultemeier, Extension Assistant Professor, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Pesticide Information Office, Gainesville, FL, bwbult@ufl.edu
Michelle Atkinson, Extension Agent II, UF/IFAS Extension, Manatee County Extension, Palmetto, FL, michelleatkinson@ufl.edu
Erin Harlow, Extension Agent II, UF/IFAS Extension, Columbia County Extension, Lake City, FL, eeeck@ufl.edu
Dewayne Hyatt, System Administrator IV, UF/IFAS Information Technology (IT), Gainesville, FL, dehyatt@ufl.edu

Abstract

The COVID-19 virus forced many pesticide safety education programs to conduct training exclusively online in 2020. Although the transition was sudden, and for some temporary, many programs will continue to utilize online technologies for pesticide training. While online programs are convenient, more effort and consideration are required beyond opening a webinar and presenting material. Ensuring the presenter can be clearly seen and heard, without distractions, is accomplished by properly setting locations for camera, lighting, and microphones. Slide design and transitions likely need to be altered to maintain audience attention. Unique online considerations like bandwidth must be addressed to maximize engagement. Finally, maintaining an online audience’s attention through interactions must be different from in-person training. This article provides essential tips and guidance on better hosting for online training of pesticide safety education. Full Text: 83-114-1-BAHH.pdf

KEYWORDS: applicator recertification, COVID-19 pandemic, Microsoft Teams, pesticide safety education programs, virtual training, Zoom

Commentary – Pages 15 to 21

IPM, Pesticides, and Risk – Part I: The Untold Story

Dan Wixted, Extension Support Specialist III, Cornell Cooperative Extension Pesticide Safety Education Program, Ithaca, NY, djw47@cornell.edu

Abstract

Integrated pest management and pesticide safety education programs seek to help people minimize risks to people and the environment when managing pests. Yet these programs overlook many relevant risks in their programming. The author discusses the adverse consequences of this and provides an example of how to correct the situation. Full Text: 83-1521-W.pdf

KEYWORDS: integrated pest management, non-chemical risks, risk communication, risk perception

Commentary – Pages 22 to 27

IPM, Pesticides, and Risk – Part II: Conquering the Contradiction Conundrum

Dan Wixted, Extension Support Specialist III, Cornell Cooperative Extension Pesticide Safety Education Program, Ithaca, NY, djw47@cornell.edu

Abstract

Integrated pest management and pesticide safety education programs seek to help people minimize risks to people and the environment when managing pests. Yet these programs use oft-repeated phrases can confuse and steer them away from the least-risk option. The author discusses the consequences of these phrases and urges a change in messaging. Full Text: 83-2227-W.pdf

KEYWORDS: integrated pest management, least-toxic pesticide, risk characterization

Templates and Tools – Pages 28 to 41

Innovative Virtual Pesticide Recertification Webinar Series Achieves Success during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Ronda Hirnyck, Extension Professor, University of Idaho/College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (UI/CALS) Pesticide Programs, Boise, ID, rhirnyck@uidaho.edu
Kimberly Tate, Associate Extension Instructor, UI/CALS, Pesticide Safety Education Program, Boise, ID, ktate@uidaho.edu
William J. Price, Director of Statistical Programs, UI/CALS, Statistical Programs, Moscow, ID, bprice@uidaho.edu
Doug Finkelnburg, Area Extension Educator, UI/CALS, Nez Perce County Extension, Lewiston, ID, dougf@uidaho.edu
Danielle Gunn, Extension Educator, UI/CALS, Fort Hall Reservation, Fort Hall, ID, dgunn@uidaho.edu
Steven Hines, Extension Educator, UI/CALS, Jerome County Extension, Jerome, ID, shines@uidaho.edu
Jerry Neufeld, Extension Educator, UI/CALS, Canyon County Extension, Caldwell, ID, jerryn@uidaho.edu
Brad Stokes, Extension Educator, UI/CALS, Elmore County Extension, Mountain Home, ID, bstokes@uidaho.edu

Abstract

Pesticide safety education programs (PSEP) for recertification were halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. However, pesticide applicators needed relevant, easy access to educational material to maintain their pesticide licenses through continuing education credit (CEC) programs. University of Idaho (UI) PSEP addressed applicator needs by delivering online webinars that met state CEC regulations. The UI PSEP staff launched a project to measure the demographics of attendees, online program effectiveness, and impacts of using online delivery for PSEP recertification programming. Full Text: 83-2841-HTPFGHNS.pdf

KEYWORDS: applicator recertification, continuing education credits, online webinars, pesticide safety education programs, Zoom

Review – Pages 42 to 43

A Review of the “How to Comply with the 2015 Revised Worker Protection Standard for Agricultural Pesticides” Manual

Emily Kraus, Assistant Extension Scientist, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Pesticide Information Office, Gainesville, FL, emilyckraus@ufl.edu

Full Text: 83-4243-K.pdf

VOLUME 23 -2021

Research Study – Pages 1 to 8

Using Microsoft Teams and Zoom to Deliver Pesticide License Training and Certification

Brett Wells Bultemeier, Extension Assistant Professor, University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Pesticide Information Office, Gainesville, FL, bwbult@ufl.edu
Michelle Atkinson, Extension Agent II, UF/IFAS Extension, Manatee County Extension, Palmetto, FL, michelleatkinson@ufl.edu
Joe Gasper, System Administrator IV, IFAS Information Technology (IT), Gainesville, FL, gasperj@ufl.edu
Jason Ferrell, Director, Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants and UF/IFAS Pesticide Information Office, UF/IFAS Extension, Gainesville, FL, jferrell@ufl.edu

Abstract

Pesticide safety educators have turned to online delivery to reach a wider applicator audience and to adapt to the impacts of the COVID-19 virus. Microsoft® Teams and Zoom have been the most widely used among this group. This article discusses these platforms and some of the unique features that can be used to ensure that virtual training and applicator recertification are legal, ethical, and ultimately successful. The authors conclude that distance training will likely be part of the new norm in pesticide training. Full Text: 82-18-1-BAGF.pdf

KEYWORDS: applicator recertification, COVID-19 pandemic, Microsoft Teams, pesticide safety education programs, virtual training, Zoom

Research Study – Pages 9 to 43

Comparing the Removal of Pesticide Residue from Clothing with Different Washing and Drying Methods

Thia B. Walker, Extension Specialist – Pesticide Safety Education Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, thia.walker@colostate.edu
Claudia M. Boot, Research Scientist, Central Instrumentation Facility, Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, claudia.Boot@colostate.edu
Jeffrey M. Edwards, Pesticide Applicator Training Coordinator, Specialist, University of Wyoming Extension, Laramie, WY, jedward4@uwyo.edu
Mark J. Bareta, Research Associate , Colorado State University, Department of Agricultural Biology, Fort Collins, CO, mjbareta@gmail.com
Karolien Denef, Associate Director, Central Instrumentation Facility, Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, karolien.Denef@colostate.edu
Melanie Burnett, Colorado State University – Research Associate, Central Instrumentation Facility, Department of Chemistry, Fort Collins, CO.
Troy Bauder, Water Quality Specialist, Colorado State University Extension, Fort Collins, CO, troy.Bauder@colostate.edu
Zachary D. Weller, Assistant Professor, Departments of Statistics Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, zach.Weller@colostate.edu

Abstract

This study investigated numerous factors influencing the removal of carbaryl or permethrin from various types of clothing. These factors included application rate (1X or 9X), washing machine type (full-fill agitator or high efficiency), clothing type (blue jeans, work shirt, T-shirt, or cotton/polyester blend T-shirt), and drying method (electric dryer or clothesline). Additionally, this study examined transference to baby Onesies^® during laundering and assessed the role of Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure in reducing residues for articles dried on clotheslines. Contamination inside washing and drying machines and pesticide levels in wastewater were also examined. The results indicated that both washing machine types were effective at removing carbaryl and permethrin from the clothing. Among the different fabric types, blue jeans consistently retained more residues than other clothing types used in the study. Transference of pesticide to the Onesies^® occurred with all pesticides at both rates, indicating pesticide-contaminated clothing should be laundered separately from all other laundry, including other work clothes or family clothes. Based on the findings of this study, we provide safety recommendations for applicators and laundering guidelines for effectively decontaminating clothing. Full Text: 82-942-WBEBDBBW.PDF

KEYWORDS: pesticide removal; clothing decontamination; pesticide transference; pesticides in wastewater

VOLUME 22 -2020

Program Description – Pages 1 to 14

Credentialing Pesticide Applicators: Standard Setting in a Licensure Context

Andrew Martin, Assessment Specialist, Office of Indiana State Chemist, West Lafayette, IN, martinag@purdue.edu
Leo Reed, Manager, Licensing and Certification, Office of Indiana State Chemist, West Lafayette, IN, reedla@purdue.edu

Abstract

This article addresses the concept of standard setting to establish an appropriate minimum passing score on licensure exams. It examines a variety of standard setting methods accepted by the larger credentialing community. It provides a rationale for standard setting by logical, defensible means and it offers, as an example, the standard setting method adopted by the Office of Indiana State Chemist in 2009. The article concludes with suggested best practices when introducing standard setting into an exam development program. Full Text: 81-114-1-MR.pdf

Keywords: exam development, licensure testing, pesticide applicator certification exam, standard setting

VOLUME 21 -2019

Research Study – Pages 1 to 11

Knowing Your Clientele: Analysis of the Texas Pesticide Safety Education Program

Ashton Logsdon, Don Renchie, Mark Matocha, Gary Briers

Abstract

The study described in this article was conducted to determine if an association exists between participants’ demographics and their perceptions of program quality for the Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service Pesticide Safety Education Program (PSEP). Using data collected from individuals who underwent training from the PSEP between 2009 and 2016, it was determined that the participant’s age, length of service, and applicator status were the most influential demographic attributes. Findings from the study supported previous findings on educational barriers and have allowed for improved educational efforts to better target PSEP clientele. Full Text: 80-111-1-AL.pdf

Keywords: demographic correlation, pesticide safety education program